Health Benefits of Alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Medical advantages of Alcohol - Essay Example Arranging is extremely essential for any proficient composition. Compelling composing requires embracing dangers. Above all, an expressive bit of compose shows effectiveness in instructional and exploratory writing. This helps balance the amount and nature of the composition. A viable writer ought to have the option to plan individual thoughts, show adaptability, daringness, and worry for the perusers (Tepper 1). Postulation Statement The paper clarifies top to bottom of the dangers taken by a writer while making the article. Additionally, the paper basically contends to give a compelling synopsis of article in regard to the utilization of language and the board of dangers while composing. Investigation of Article Writers accept hazards as a method of enthralling perusers, making their articles additionally exciting and all the more so improving the adequacy of the composition. Dangers taken recorded as a hard copy make an article eye catching and satisfying to any peruser. At the po int when a writer takes part in chance taking while at the same time composing an article, he/she investigates another universe of revelations, experience, and openings that expand the author’s potential in making learning a reality. The most significant kind of hazard taken by a creator is staying away from the feeling of wellbeing. Despite the fact that not a favored part recorded as a hard copy, wellbeing is fundamental while composing. Corresponding to the article, the writer faces the challenge of uncovering the recipients of liquor utilization in human life where a large portion of the individuals know the abhorrent parts of the equivalent. An author can picked an exceptionally questionable subject or point to examine. This confirmations a hazard taken by the creator. Composing on combative subject can lift extensive dangers as far as contentions from the perusers about the writer’s supposition or oversight about the article. As per the article, the writer chance s recorded as a hard copy about a profoundly questionable point. Thusly, he feels free to set out his perspective on the advantageous effect of liquor to individuals. Bias is another part of composing that produces dangers. Any article must show both idealistic just as negative parts of a picked issue or subject so as to stay away from any misperception or pettiness. In the article, the writer depicts both complimentary and ominous parts of liquor consumption. He further depicts of the unusual methodologies planned for improving the people’s ways of life. An extraordinary article never goes to a remain regarding the matter it talks about. It depicts both the great and terrible viewpoints for of the subject for the peruser to make a definitive judgment after perusing the article. Most clearly, in the article, the writer doesn't give any decision however on the opposite conveys unbiased point of view about the benefits and negative marks of liquor utilization. Apparently, there has been a huge change in language utilize both in composed structure and oral use since the nineteenth century. As new social classes develop in the 21st century, the longing to use composed materials and composing materials builds which at last prompts an expanded interest of both composed and composing material. Some random culture has diverse cultural layers that relate with the few language standards. The three generally significant of these language standards incorporate the neighborhood, standard, and provincial language. To introduce a disputable theme and draw the consideration of perusers, authors focus for the most part on standard language (Schallert and Klelman 4). This language would near legitimize begging to be proven wrong subjects. Nonetheless, it calls for genuine beliefs and realities with proof to

Genetics of Organisms lab report Free Essays

Estimating just a couple of millimeters long, natural product flies take up a small amount of the room of different living beings, for example, fish or rodents that have likewise been utilized in such research. The flies are sufficiently little to be reduced, yet enormous enough to be found in extraordinary detail under a dismembering magnifying lens. Because of their size, cost of food and space to house them is incredibly low, making them effectively available to schools and labs each. We will compose a custom exposition test on Hereditary qualities of Organisms lab report or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Veer. The whole life pattern Of the natural product fly is a minor 30 days, 7-12 days of which are spent developing. 2-15 hours after eggs are laid, hatchlings develop for 4 days to develop and benefit from toting organic product (which their eggs were laid on) before experiencing a multi day transformation after which they are grown-ups. The remainder of their grown-up lives are spent eating and mating (Fruit Fly). Females can mate when 12-18 hours after the multi day transformation. Separating male and female flies is very basic; guys (left) engage in sexual relations brushes which resemble little dark spots on their front legs and have less dim lines over their mid-region. Females (right) are ordinarily bigger and have dim stripes over the midsection and have an ovipositor stretching out from the lower mid-region (Lab Seven). Today, natural product flies are being utilized in foundational microorganism research of devil cells. These profoundly crucial beast cells become gametes and carry on the advancement of an animal varieties. Scientists at the college of Utah have been concentrating how germ immature microorganisms shield themselves from turning out to be substantial cells utilizing organic product flies. Everything started in 1 922 at Massachusetts Institute of Technology where Ruth Lehmann found a quality she named â€Å"Oscar†. Oscar is liable for adding a crucial protein to the plasma of the germ immature microorganism that when idle hinders the creation Of germ cells. At the point when it is turned on, germ cells are delivered and kept as foundational microorganisms through â€Å"extreme transcriptional repression†. During this procedure, DNA is restrained from being translated to RNA which thus implies no quality articulation. This examination is diving into the particulars of undifferentiated organisms which are suspected to hold medications for some illnesses (Scheduler). While our lab wasn’t examining the mechanics of undifferentiated cell advancement, we considered the legacy of attributes however ages of flies. Our goal was to see the various examples of legacy that qualities can take. To have celebrates as near expected as conceivable we kept temperature, food and light steady all through all tests as controls and let the mating and going of characteristics be the variable. Keeping every single other factor consistent we speculated that if cross An indicated monophonic legacy it would have a 1:2:1 proportion, dibber crosses would have a 9:3:3:1 proportion and sex connected legacy would show a proportion of legacy. Materials Fruit Flies (Drosophila Melanomas) Cross A: Sepia female x Wild male Cross 8: Vestigial female x Sepia male Cross C: White female Wild male Colored tape Petri dishes Fruit fly blue media Flyway Plastic vials (with froth plugs) Microscopes Paint Brushes Funnels â€Å"Morgue† Ice packs Procedure 1. Acquire a vial of Fl age flies (either cross A,B, or C and make a point to mark the vials all things considered). The principal objective is to expel the flies from the vial without having them fly away. To forestall this, wedge a wand that has been dunked in fly snooze between the froth plug and the vial so it ventures into the vial to anesthetize the flies. To help immobilizers them, setting the vials in a cool area or on an ice pack can assist with quieting them as they are Elian on natural elements. 2. After the flies have been anesthetized, expel them from the vials and spot them in Petri dishes with marks coordinating the vials they originated from to maintain a strategic distance from disarray. To expel the immobilizers flies from the vial, it is imperative to be delicate and abstain from squashing any flies. Most of the flies should tumble from the vial when it is upset, yet to expel any that are left, a paintbrush can be exceptionally helpful to move them without causing them any mischief. 3. When the flies are in Petri dishes, place them on ice packs to keep the flies from awakening during tallying. Spot the ice pack and Petri dish under an analyzing magnifying lens. With the assistance of the magnifying instrument, record the sex and phenotype everything being equal. To move the flies inside the Petri dish, utilize a paint brush to keep away from hurt. The attributes of sexing flies is portrayed in the presentation on page 2. 4. When the flies have been arranged by sex and phenotype, set up the vials for the PA age. Blend equivalent amounts of dry food and water and let it set in the vial. Make a point to mark the vial with the phenotypes of each parent of the cross. . When the vials are readied, start setting two by two of male and male flies into the accurately named vials. Use paint brushes for moving flies if vital. Top these vials and spot them in a warm zone. These flies will mate and produce the IF age 6. After the IF vials have been sitting for roughly 10-12 days, expel the grown-up flies. At this point the flies will have mated and the female will have laid her eggs. E xpelling the grown-ups will forestall Fl flies from mating with IF posterity. To do this, cautiously use Nap (procedure as portrayed in sync 1), staying alert that fly hatchlings are increasingly touchy and might be lethally hurt by â€Å"over-napping†. Evacuate the flies by altering the vial and putting the grown-up Fl flies in the â€Å"morgue† (a container containing liquor or child oil). At that point close the vial and permit it to sit for another 12-15 days. 7. Following 12-15 days have passed, record the sex and phenotype of every grown-up fly. As portrayed in stages 1-3 Flyway will be utilized to anesthetize the flies before they are expelled from the vials to be placed into Petri dishes for tallying. When the entirety of the flies have been tallied and recorded, place them into the â€Å"morgue† and discard all vials. Rest Its Fl Results: Cross A - ? Wild Male x Sepia Female E †Wild eyes e †Sepia eyes Cross B †Sepia eye ordinary wing male x Wild eye minimal wing female meat x Beef Fee Beef Sepia eyes e F †Normal wings f †Vestigial Wings Cross C - ? Wild male x White female Exe x Exe e †White eyes IF results: Cross A †Wild male x Wild female Chi-square Analysis Phenotype # Observed # Expected (o-e) (0-e)2 (0-e)2/e Wild eyes 256 260 - 4 16 . 615 91 87 4 . 1 83 Chi-square Value . 25 Null Hypothesis: If a monophonic cross is performed between two natural product flies that are both heterozygous for eye shading, the normal posterity includes would be in a 3 wild: 1 sepia proportion and would have a chi square worth under 5. 99. Step by step instructions to refer to Genetics of Organisms lab report, Papers

The Two Halves of Racism in Heart of Darkness Was Marlow a racist - Literature Essay Samples

The Two Halves of Racism: Was Marlow a Racist?To consider the charge that Marlow in Conrads Heart of Darkness is racist, racism must first be defined. Racism has two components a belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another, and secondly, the right of the superior race to dominate the other (Gove 1870). According to this definition, Marlow fits only into the first half of what is considered racist. Marlow, like Conrad was a man of his times, and as such, reflected the current anthropological position which held that primitive people were morally inferior to civilized ones (Singh, 280). But despite his racist views, Marlow does not participate in the attempt to dominate, exploit or mistreat the natives in the manner of the European Imperialists, and therefore does not fit the second component of the racist definition. With examples of Marlows views of the savages, and of the Imperialists, it can be shown that Marlow was indeed a racist, but only half of one.Marlow rev eals his racist position in his many descriptions of the natives. Rarely does he refer to them as men or give them human qualities. They were niggers, savages, creatures, and prehistoric. Marlow sees them as having more animal characteristics than human. He describes one of these creatures as walking on all-fours like an animal. Even their faces are not human. They were like grotesque masks (Conrad, 17). Nowhere does Marlow suggest that the natives are equal to Europeans. Marlow is particularly patronizing in his description of the savage who was the fireman. Marlow describes him as an improved specimen. Even though he could fire up a vertical boiler, he was no more human than the savages who howled and leaped on the shore. He was there below me (Conrad, 38), Marlow thought, meaning that the fireman was literally below him on the boat, but also below him in terms of race. Marlow again reduces the native to having animal characteristics in stating that looking at him was as edifying as seeing a dog in a parody of breeches and a feather hat, walking on his hind legs (Conrad, 38). It is a ridiculous sight for Marlow, but the fireman is useful to him because he has been instructed to do a human task. Otherwise the inferior race is as useless as a pack of wild animals dancing wildly on the shore.But while Marlow sees the natives as savages and creatures, he does not view them as the criminals and enemies the imperialists and pilgrims claim them to be. He does not wish to dominate the inferior race and is conversely appalled by the way the savages are mistreated. After walking up the path and being passed by a chain-gang of six black men, Marlow ironically says that he was after all a part of the great cause of these high and just proceedings (Conrad, 19). Being white, he naturally associates himself with the Imperialists, but his statement mocks their motives. Standing on the hillside in the blinding sun Marlow foresees becoming acquainted with a flabby, pretendin g, weak-eyed devil of a rapacious and pitiless folly (Conrad, 20). The weak-eyed devils are the imperialists who in the cause of greed, enslave, murder, and torture natives. Finding black shadows of disease and starvation (Conrad, 20) dying slowly on the hillside, Marlow is horror-struck, and appalled. Although he sees the natives as unequal, he does not perform one act of cruelty towards them. When confronted with the face of a dying native near his hand, he parts with one of his good biscuits. Whether Marlows act was out of generosity or not is irrelevant. The point is that a man with racist inclinations of domination would surely have committed an act of cruelty in Marlows place.While it has been shown that Marlow fulfills the first component of the racist definition and not the second, there is evidence that he questions some aspects of his racial predisposition. As C.P Sarvan suggests, Conrad was not entirely immune to the infection of the beliefs and attitudes of his age, but he was ahead of most in trying to break free. (Sarvan, 285). In commenting on Conrads beliefs one also comments on the beliefs of Marlow. After all, Marlow is both Conrad and all men who have taken the night journey into the primeval depths of their ownracial consciousness.(Wilcox, 212). Marlow seems to view the natives differently when he sees them wild and free as opposed to when he encounters them as criminals. But the racist in Marlow makes him fearful of his suspicions that they might be human. He was accustomed to look upon the shackled form of a conquered monster, but the prehistoric man cursing or praying from the shore was monstrous and free..No they were not inhuman. Well, you know that was the worst of it this suspicion of their not being inhuman (Conrad, 37). Marlow suggests that this feeling that they were not inhuman would come slowly to one. This sentiment supports the idea that Conrad and his character Marlow may have been becoming less racist. But as the story stan ds, Marlow only questions whether the savages are human. He does not give humanity to them.Perhaps Conrad and Marlow were ahead in trying to break free of their cultural boundaries, but they do not achieve freedom from racism within the text of Heart of Darkness.. Their disgust with the brutal acts of violence and greed they encountered in the Congo was surely a solid starting point to reassess their racial views. However, it is evident that both Conrad and Marlow were not ready to give a human face to the natives. Even when it appears that Marlow will give the natives some sort of human recognition, he quickly reneges as evidenced in his thoughts about the death of his helmsman. Marlow describes that he missed his helmsman awfully and that finding Kurtz was not worth the life lost. But he suggests that his regret might seem strange when the helmsman was merely a savage who was no more account than a grain of sand in a black Sahara (Conrad, 51). Marlow does not regret the death of a man. He regrets the loss of a useful native, one who steered for him for months, and was a useful instrument.Although Marlow was appalled by the atrocities committed against natives in the efforts of Imperialism, it does not exempt him from the label of racist: He may sympathize with the plight of blacks, he may be disgusted by the effects of economic colonialism, but because he has no desire to understand or appreciate people of any culture other than his own, he is not emancipated from the mentality of a colonizer (Singh, 272). Noted African writer Chinua Achebe charged that Conrad was a thoroughgoing racist (Achebe, 257), and therefore commented upon Marlow as well. However, in the preceding assessment of Marlows character it seems that this claim is too harsh. In the Heart of Darkness Marlow is only half racist.Works CitedAchebe, Chinua. An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. In Joseph Conrad. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. Norton Critical Edition, 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 1988. Pages 251-262.Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. Norton Critical Edition, 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 1988.Gove, Philip Babcock. Ed. Websters Third New International Dictionary. [[put book title in italics]] Springfield: Miriam-Webster Inc, 1993. Page 1870.Sarvan, C.P. Racism and the Heart of Darkness. In Joseph Conrad. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. Norton Critical Edition, 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 1988. Pages 280-285.Singh, Frances B. The Colonialistic Bias of Heart of Darkness. In Joseph Conrad. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. Norton Critical Edition, 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 1988. Pages 268-280.Wilcox, Stewart C. Conrads Complicated Presentations of Symbolic Imagery. In Joseph Conrad. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. Norton Critical Edition. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 1963. Pages 211-218.

Mental Health And Health Care - 842 Words

Mental health providers utilizes many forms of research from the interventions that they use to provide care to their clients all the way to the assessment’s that they use to gauge the level of satisfaction of their clients with their services and how effective their services are in regards to their overall mental health wellness. Pennsylvania Mentor’s Lehigh Valley location provides Intensive Case Management (ICM) / Resource Coordination (RC) service, Family Based Mental Health Services and Certified Peer Support Services (CPS). Although these three programs are different, they all provide services to their clients in the home and in the community. ICM/RC’s help their clients with scheduling and following through with medical and mental health appointment, navigating social security and public welfare system, finding employment and utilizing community resources. Family Based Mental Health offers intensive mental health treatment to children who have a mental health diagnosis while other providing services to their families. The CPS program help’s clients meet their recovery goals through the support of an individual who also has a mental health diagnosis. I had the opportunity to speak with Pamela Durdock one of the ICM/RC and CPS Program supervisors and Josh Hoch one of the Family Based Mental Health Services supervisors. Both Pamela and Josh were very knowledgeable within their respected departments and in what the conditions of mental health services in theShow MoreRelatedMental Health And Health Care974 Words   |  4 PagesSummary Mental health illnesses are just as serious to address as any other disease, and with this Amid Crisis, Senate Bill Seeks Boost Access to Mental Health Care outlines the recent legislation that is being drafted in order to improve Mental Health Care services. 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This plan echoes numerous bipartisan bills that have been produced in Congress over the past several years and seems to be one of the few issues that both sides of the aisle can agree on.2 Earlier this year, a bill providing additional support to mental health care was passed in the House with a 422-22 vote3, so it is now up to the Senate to pass its own reformRead MoreVeterans and mental health care965 Words   |  4 Pages Take care of Veterans I believe that it is the best interest of veterans, whom have served the military in any capacity to be afforded not just medication, but also some form of counseling. Being a veteran myself I have experienced: over medicating by the government, not receiving any form of counseling, and when I was given an appointment it was six months from the day that it was scheduled. When I was Honorably Discharged from the military I was not afforded any form of mental counseling

Marketing Brief - 1012 Words

OBJECTIVES CORPORATE Nudie Jeans (â€Å"Nudie†) strive to share their passion for denim with the fashion community and demonstrate socially responsible business practices. Nudie strives to deliver the best quality from material choice to craftsmanship and design coupled with a vision for change in manufacturing practices in the fashion industry. This is illustrated in their firm supporter of Amnesty International in their fight for ethical human rights practices in the garment manufacture industry. MARKETING Nudie’s main objective will be to increase market share in men’s jeans amongst its competitors and increase specialist retailer distribution globally. This will not require mass marketing, but rather a more specialised and†¦show more content†¦Customers in this market are not looking for a ‘bargain’, but rather an addition to their collection or a boutique item, thus price would not be envisaged as a major hurdle in gaining sales. PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY In relation to promotions we believe an Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) strategy would be the best way to proceed. Through IMC the brand will be able to maintain a personality and attitude that communicates effectively with the target segment. It will also help to build a desirable ‘brand image’ and relationships with consumers and distributors. The marketing activities will be very specific. It will involve a range of communication mediums including advertising, media, public relations and sales promotion. Our Advertising strategy will include the following:- - Posters in boutique outlets; - Billboards (See Appendix 1); - Internet advertisements in addition to a website, for instance videos retracing Nudie’s origins and their objectives/vision, a wash guide or interesting experiments to illustrate the quality and durability of these jeans as a ‘second skin’; - Fashion shows; and - Having retail staff wear the jeans regularly. 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Linz and Stepan Consolidated Democracy Study Guide and Notes free essay sample

Towards Consolidated Democracies Linz and Stepan * Three conditions before speaking about democratic consolidation * First†¦no state=no democracy * Second†¦. democracy cannot be thought of as consolidated until a democratic transition has been brought to completion * Necessary but by no means sufficient condition for the completion of a democratic transition is the holding of free and contested elections (on the basis of broadly inclusive voter eligibility) that meet the seven institutional requirements for elections in a polyarchy that Robert A. Dahl has set forth * Third†¦. no regime should be called a democracy unless its rulers govern democratically * Cannot fail to rule within the bounds of a state of law, their regimes are not democracies. * Authors: What then are the characteristics of consolidated democracy? * by a consolidated democracy we mean a political regime in which democracy as a complex system of institutions, rules, and patterned incentives and disincentives has become, in a phrase, the only game in town. * Working definition of consolidated democracy is then: Behaviorally- a democratic regime in a territory is consolidated when no significant national, social, economic, political, or institutional actors spend significant resources attempting to achieve their objectives by creating a nondemocratic regime or by seceding from the state * Attitudanly- a democratic regime is consolidated when a strong majority of public opinion, even in the midst of major economic problems and deep dissatisfaction with incumbents, holds the belief that democratic procedures and institutions are the most appropriate way to govern collective life, and when support for antisystem alternatives is quite small or more-or-less isolated from prodemocratic forces * Constitutionally- a democratic regime is consolidated when governmental and nongovernmental forces alike become subject to, and habituated to, the resolution of conflict within the bounds of the specific laws, procedures, and institutions sanctioned by the new democratic process. Consolidated Democracy does not mean NO chance of breakdown and does not mean all Consolidated democracies look alike * In addition to a function state there are 5 other conditions that are necessary: * Conditions must exist for the development of a free and lively civil society * Value articulation and adva ncing of interests key * Autonomous political society * Arena for contestation of power * State bureaucracy that is usable by the new democratic government * Effective Rule of Law * Institutionalized economic society * Rechtsstaat, which is a state subject to law, is absolutely critical for consolidated democracy * Presidents are more likely to abuse and to get around rule of law than PM’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦no checks on Presidents like for a PM (i. e. o confidence vote) * Effective democracy requires effective bureaucracy to tax and maintain control of day-to-day functions†¦. many cases (i. e. Chile) bureaucracy remains largely molded by authoritarian past, this needs to change if democracy is to become consolidated * Economics are key for consolidated democracy * No Consolidated democracy with command economy * No consolidated economy with pure market economy * Markets cannot be maintained without a degree of regulation * State has to correct ‘market failures’ * Democracy naturally will push the government to offer so me sort of public goods to alleviate inequality * Democracy is an interacting system†¦.. e need the five characteristics to be acting in unison in order for all of them to be functioning effectively * Two surmountable concerns to consolidation * Ethnic conflict * Disappointed popular hopes for economic improvement * What empirical conditions are the logics of state policies aimed nation-building congruent with those aimed at crafting democracy†¦. conflicts with these different policies are reduced when almost all of the residents of a state identify with one subjective idea of a nation * Democratic transitions in these cases put into question relationship between Demos and Polis * Plurality naturally increases the complexity of politics * Careful crafting of institutions required Some methods of dealing with â€Å"stateness† are inherently incompatible with democracy * How do we achieve democracy in multinational states * Laitin: Competitive-Assimilation Grame†¦. best interests of working class to assimilate in order to have a better future for their kids in this environment * Author: This rarely happens, esp. in newer democracies in E. Europe * How can Democracy be achieved in multinational states? * State policies that grant inclusive and equal citizenship and gie all citizens a common â€Å"roof† of state mandated and enforced rights is the way to go * Federalism is a good policy option as well†¦. lthough you need to establish a national consciousness before decentralizing (otherwise you risk having extremists running these regions) * Political identities * They are not fixed of â€Å"primordial† * If outside forces do not force people to choose†¦many people are happy to identify themselves as having multiple or complementary identities * Examples of reforms that would kill chances of Dem. In multinational societies * Political society†¦. nationalization citizenship laws * Legal system†¦. could privilege one group’s customs over another * Rapid changeover to one language†¦. could leave some groups disadvantaged when accessing state services * One language for school and mass media†¦. eave civil society to develop in only one sector of society * â€Å"Titular nationality† of state could be granted special considerations in the economic realm * Problems of Simaltaneous Reforms * State restructuring must take precedence over economic reforms * Tightly coupled v. loosely coupled (medium range time frame†¦people can make independent and opposite assessments about political and economic trends) conceptions of economy and democracy * People can withstand deterioration of economy for a while†¦. incongruence cannot last forever though * Quality of democracy should be seen as separate from quality of society†¦.. quality of democracy can contribute positively/negatively to this, but two should NOT be confused.

Themes in The Giver free essay sample

Themes of The Giver Broadly, the book The Giver, written by Lois Lowry, is about how a boy name Jonas, born in the perfect utopia where there are no freedom and colour, people there promotes sameness. Until Jonas founds out that there are more then this community when he got his unique Job assigned at the age of 12. Being a receiver of memory let him know that the real world is beautiful and colourful; there are rights for every human being. Jonas felt unfair and hope to escape from this tragedy. In this story Lois Lowry wants to show the readers that there is no perfect utopia built by humans, f they have built one, there will have sacrifices made. The elders attempted to build a perfect utopia but somehow secrets will soon be exposed. Lowry wants the readers to understand the disadvantages through Jonass Job, being the receiver of memory. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes in The Giver or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are many themes mentioned throughout Jonass life in the community. Im going to discuss and describe three of the themes, which are freedom of choice, emotions and colour. In the Giver, Jonas lives in a community where there are no freedoms of choice. Everything is decided, the elders makes all the decision and citizens dont get to hoose. Every year, there is a ceremony for all ages. By the age of 12, they will get an assignment, which is their future Job for their rest of their life in the community. Every assignment was set, assigned; they dont get to use their future Job. Jonas got his Job as the receiver of memory at the ceremony of 12. (Chapter 7 8 pg. 50-71), In a frim, commanding voice she announced, Jonas has been selected to be our next receiver of memory. For the new-borns, there are so names that are chose for them at the naming ceremony when they are born. Chapter 2, page 11-13) New child Twenty-three, the namer had read. Lily. (Chapter 1, pg. 3) Jonas was careful about language, not like his friend, Asher, who talk too fast and mixed things. The elders thinks that having the freedom of choose is very unsafe, (Chapter 13 pg. 99) I cant im agine it, we really have to protect people from wrong chooses. Hence, they dont have any freedom of choosing, name, Job, use of language or spouses etc. When Jonas receives the memories from his training with The Giver, he started to understand freedom and rights. He felt so unfair and thought of protest, but the giver stopped him because the rules are set long time ago. (Chapter 14, pg. 113) The decision was made long before my time or yours The giver said In the community, Love doesnt exist, because the people there dont have feelings, they think that love is a very inappropriate wording that cannot be used. (Chapter 16, pg. 127) Do you love me? There was an awkward silence for a moment. Then Father gave a little chuckle. Jonas. You, of all people. Precision of language, please! . People in the ommunity need to have penalties after doing things wrong, so the elders thought of a release for the people who wanted to leave this community or they had done some serious crimes. But turns out, they cant leave the town, they simply Just murder them by fatal injections. Which the people are very innocent, they have no idea of when he saw his father (as a nurturer) killing one of the twins. (Chapter 19 pg. 150) He killed it! My father killed it! Jonas said to himself. The second theme Im going to talk about is emotions. Emotions in Jonass community re very rare because they are taken away. Jonas was almost 12 when he got his first dream of seeing her friend Fiona and wanted her to be naked. Your mom told him that it was totally normal and Jonas has to take the pills to take away the Stirrings. (Chapter 5, pg. 37) Its Just the pills, youre ready for the pills, thats all. Thats the treatment for Stirrings. The pills technically Just take away Jonass feelings for Fiona. It shows how the elders take away their emotions. They dont feel pain also, because the pills can also have this function of taking away pain. When Jonas became the trainer of the receiver of memory, he started to experience pain, difference of weather, and happiness, anger etc. The feelings that he never had before, all comes from the memories that the giver had transfer to Jonas. Since only Jonas and The giver knows about real feelings, Jonas felt lonely when he cant express himself clearly with his family and friends. The giver showed him a memory of war, where there are people shooting each other, bloodiness all around the floor and is really sad. Then He attempts to let them know that the war game that his good friend, Asher (recreation assistant) plays, is not good. But his friends thinks that its only a game and thinks that hes being over-reacting. (Chapter 17 pg. 132-134) Whats wrong Jonas? It was only a game, said Fiona. mfou ruined it Asher said in an irritated voice. Dont play it anymore Jonas pleaded. Im the one whos training for Assistance Recreations director. Asher pointed out angrily. Games arent your area of expertness. Lowry wants to show that emotions are very vital, if emotions are missing, then it will be very monotonous and Jaded. The third theme Im going to discuss is colours.